Adderall is a prescription medication that contains a combination of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. It is commonly prescribed to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. Adderall works by increasing the levels of certain chemicals in the brain that help with focus, attention, and control of impulses. Adderall Primarily prescribed for ADHD and narcolepsy. It Increases the levels of neurotransmitters (dopamine and norepinephrine) in the brain.