Xanax is the brand name for alprazolam, a medication that belongs to the benzodiazepine class. It is commonly prescribed for its anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), sedative, and hypnotic effects. Alprazolam is used to treat various anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder. It is particularly effective for the short-term management of panic attacks, often associated with panic disorder. Alprazolam works by enhancing the effects of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, which has a calming effect on the central nervous system.