Xanax is a brand name for alprazolam, which belongs to the benzodiazepine class of medications. It is primarily prescribed for its anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) properties and is used to treat anxiety disorders and panic disorder. Alprazolam works by enhancing the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that inhibits the activity of nerve cells in the brain. This action produces a calming effect on the nervous system, reducing anxiety and promoting relaxation.