Xanax is a brand name for the medication alprazolam, which belongs to a class of drugs known as benzodiazepines. It is primarily prescribed to treat anxiety disorders, panic disorders, and sometimes for short-term relief of symptoms of anxiety. Xanax works by enhancing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter in the brain that has a calming effect. By increasing GABA activity, Xanax helps reduce feelings of anxiety and promotes relaxation.